| Notes |
- Things to do:
1. Look through records in binder to add details
2. Is there an 1831 Census? no
3. Are there news articles or advertisements for Star brewery or Kennington Brewery?
4. Who did temple work for Christopher Annett Collis, mother, Susannah Smith/Collis?
5. Can more info on children be found? What about New Zealand/Australia?
6. 4. What is the name of the town where the White Horse Inn was located? Bert's email states it was in Witham.
Timeline for Christopher Annett Collis:
1800 May 7 Christopher born Braintree, Essex, England
1821 marriage: June 7 Maria Bridge in Witham, Essex, England
1822 Aug 11 daughter, Jane, born Essex County to Chrisopher and Maria
1824 son, Samuel Annett, born Essex
1825 son, Samuel Annett, died Witham, Essex, England
1826 May 20 son, William, born Witham,
1827 Christopher went bankrupt
1828 April 16 son, George Smith Collis, born Witham,
1829 Feb 9 daughter, Maria, born Witham,
1830 Poll Books and Electoral Registers Christopher A Collis, Witham
1831 May 21 daughter, Dorcus, born Witham,
1832 Christopher was a baker, brewer in Witham,
1833 Death: May 23, wife, Maria, in Witham,
1833 Christopher moves to Chelmsford as a brewer's clerk at Kennington Brewery, Dorset St
and Chapham Rd near the oval cricket grounds in London.
1836 son? Joseph Collis born (he was born after Christopher's wife Maria died and before he married Eliza)
1838 Oct 19 Marries Eliza Parker at St. Giles Cripplegate, London England. 1839 daughter, Eliza Collis born
1839 Owned a Tavern/Public House, The Woolpack Inn (near the White Horse Inn), Church St. Chipping Hill,
Witham
1839 Pigot's Directory: baker, Chipping Hill, Witham (Baker's yeast and yeast for ale may have been
interchangeable at that time)
1841 Census: Christopher and Eliza living Brixton, Lambeth, Surrey, England
1844 Sept, wife, Eliza dies, Lambeth, Surrey, England
1846 Jul 9 marries Alice Scott Honeysett at St. Giles Cripplegate, London England.
1851 Census: Christopher with wife, Alice, in Hounslow, Middlesex 177 London Rd, Brewer at Star Brewery,
employing 1 labor and two sons
1851 London, England, Electoral Registers, Christopher in Heston, Star Brewery
1853 London, England, Electoral Registers, Christopher in Heston, Star Brewery
1868 Christopher marries Elizabeth Archer age 37, spinster
1869 Death: Christopher South Stoneham, Hampshire age 69
According to the records sent to me from Bert Collis I write the following:
Christopher was bankrupt in 1827 and paid his creditors 2s.6d. in the pound. (i.e. One eighth) but by 1833 he was buying a small house in Witham and started in business as a victualler and baker. In 1833 he was in Chelmsford and was listed as a brewer's clerk of Kennington Brewery, Dorset Street and Chapham Rd. Brewer's clerk. (44 K from Witham, 35 K from Chelmsford. He also with his brother William became tenant of the Swan Inn at Brentwood in Essex. (Quite a coincidence! He soon failed again owing nearly four hundred pounds mainly to the brewers and was again made bankrupt. The Essex Record Office has a thick wad of court papers on the claims and counter claims. It includes a letter written by Christopher A Collis to the brewers solicitors. Christopher moved to London and became Brewers Clerk at the Kennington Brewery in Dorset St. Clapham Road. (This was near the Oval Cricket Ground). His father Samuel Collis was buried at Braintree on Jan 27th 1832, age 70 (Information from Bert Collis)
http://search.labs.familysearch.org
England births and Christenings 1538-1975
The index is an electronic database of information transcribed from original records.
Christopher Annett Collis
baptism/christening:24 Jul 1801
Braintree, Essex, England
father: Samuel Collis
mother: Susannah
indexing project batch# 103390-0
source film # 1702171
UK, Poll Books and Electoral Registers, 1538-1893
Name: Christopher A Collis
Poll Year: 1830
Residence: Witham
Where Freehold lies: White Notley Houses occupier: Hawkes
Hundred: Lexden And Witham
County: Essex
(page 111;1838 Marriage solemnized in
the Parish Church in the Parish of St Giles without Cripplegate in the city of London.
No. 222 Married 19 Oct 1838, Christopher Annett Collis, age 39, bachelor, profession: Brewer, Residence:
Witham, Essex, Father's name: Samuel Collis, Profession of father: Sadler
Eliza Parker, age 31, Spinster, residence: Witham, Essex, Father's name: Henry Parker, profession of father:
Sawyer)
1841 England Census Christoper Collis
Name: Christoper Collis
Age: 40
Estimated Birth Year: abt 1801
Gender: Male
Civil Parish: Lambeth (St. Mary Lambeth Parish)
Hundred: Brixton (Eastern Division)
County/Island: Surrey
Country: England
Street address: Camberwell Lane South Occupation: Brewer
Source information: HO107/1054/1
Registration district: Lambeth
Sub-registration district: Brixton
ED, institution, or vessel: 2
Folio: 31
Page:
Line number: 12
GSU Number: 474652
Household: Name: age
Christoper Collis 40
Eliza 35,
William 15,
George 14,
Maria 10,
Samuel 5,
Joseph 5,
Dorcus 5,
Eliza 5,
Henry Parker 20 (probably Eliza's brother) carpenter
1851 England Census Christopher A Collis
Name: Christopher A Collis
Age: 52
Estimated Birth Year: abt 1799
Relation: Head
Spouse's name: Alice
Gender: Male
Where born: Braintree, Essex, England
Civil Parish: Heston
Ecclesiastical parish: Holy Trinity
Town: Hounslow
County/Island: Middlesex
Country: England
Street address: 177 London Rd. Occupation: Brewer employing 1 labor and two sons
Registration district: Brentford
Sub-registration district: Isleworth
ED, institution, or vessel: 1a
Neighbors:
Household schedule number: 177 Star Brewery, London Road
Household Members: Name Age
Alice Collis 53 wife, born Norfolk, Thilgay
Christopher A Collis 52 brewer
Samuel Collis 17 son, born Witham, Essex brewer
Joseph Collis 15 son, born Witham, Essex brewer
Eliza Collis 14 daughter, born Witham, Essex scholar at home
London, England, Electoral Registers, 1832-1965
Name: Christopher Annett Collis
Year: 1851
County or Borough: Star Brewery, London
Smallberry Green, Hounslow Road, in the parish of Heston, County of Middlesex
Ward or Division/Constituency: Heston
London, England, Electoral Registers, 1832-1965
Name: Christopher Annett Star Collis
Year: 1853
County or Borough: London, County of Middlesex
Ward or Division/Constituency: Heston
Street address: Star Brewery, Smallberry-green Hounslow
England & Wales, FreeBMD Marriage Index: 1837-1983
Name: Christopher Annett Collis age 67, widower, reside Portswood, father Samuel Collis, Saddler
and Elizabeth Archer age 37, spinster, reside Portswood, father William Archer, Blacksmith
Year of Registration: 1868
Quarter of Registration: 21-Mar
District: South Stoneham
County: Hampshire
Volume: 2c
Page: 89
England & Wales, FreeBMD Death Index: 1837-1983
Surname Given Name District Volume Page
Deaths Jun 1869 age 68
Collis Christopher Annett S. Stoneham 2c 29
The district S. Stoneham is an alternative name for South Stoneham and it is in the county of Hampshire
Food in the 17th Century
In the early 17th century people began eating food with forks for the first time.
During the century new foods were introduced into England (for the rich) such as bananas and pineapples. New drinks were introduced, tea and coffee. In the late 17th century there were many coffee houses in the towns. Merchants and professional men met there to read newspapers and talk shop.
In the late 17th century the rich began eating ice cream. Many rich people built special underground chambers in the grounds of their houses for preserving ice during the summer. The ice was covered in straw to preserve it.
However for the poor food remained plain and monotonous. They subsisted on food like bread, cheese and onions. Ordinary people continued to eat pottage each day.
Food in the 18th Century
There was little change in food in the 18th century. Despite the improvements in farming food for ordinary people remained plain and monotonous. For them meat was a luxury. A poor person's food was mainly bread and potatoes. In the 18th century drinking tea became common even among ordinary people.
19th Century Food
In the early 19th century the working class lived on plain food such as bread, butter, potatoes and bacon. Butcher's meat was a luxury. However things greatly improved in the late 19th century. Railways and steamships made it possible to import cheap grain from North America so bread became cheaper. Refrigeration made it possible to import cheap meat from Argentina and Australia. Consumption of sugar also increased. By the end of the 19th century most people (not all) were eating much better food.
The first fish and chip shops in Britain opened in the 1860s. By the late 19th century they were common in towns and cities.
In the late 19th century the first convenience food in tins and jars went on sale. Although the principle of canning was invented at the end of the 18th century tinned food first became widely available in the 1880s. The can opener was invented in 1855 and the rotary can opener followed in 1870. Furthermore in the 1870s margarine, a cheap substitute for butter, was invented. Tomato ketchup was invented in 1874.
Several new biscuits were invented in the 19th century including the Garibaldi (1861), the cream cracker (1885) and the Digestive (1892). Furthermore new sweets were invented during the 19th century including peanut brittle (1890) and liquorice allsorts (1899).
For centuries people drank chocolate but the first chocolate bar was made in 1847. Milk chocolate was invented in 1875.
19th Century Britain
In the 19th century Britain became the world's first industrial society. It also became the first urban society. By 1851 more than half the population lived in towns.
The population of Britain boomed during the 19th century. In 1801 it was about 9 million. By 1901 it had risen to about 41 million.
This was despite the fact that many people emigrated to North America and Australia to escape poverty. About 15 million people left Britain between 1815 and 1914.
However there were also many immigrants. In the 1840s many people came from Ireland, fleeing a terrible potato famine. In the 1880s the Tsar began persecuting Russian Jews. Some fled to Britain and settled in the East End of London.
19th Century Society
In the early 19th century Britain was an oligarchy. Only a small minority of men (and no women) were allowed to vote. The situation began to change in 1832 when the vote was given to more men. Constituencies were also redrawn and many industrial towns were represented for the first time. The franchise was extended again in 1867 and 1883. In 1872 the secret ballot was introduced.
However in the 19th century at least 80% of the population was working class. In order to be considered middle class you had to have at least one servant. Most servants were female. (Male servants were much more expensive because men were paid much higher wages). Throughout the 19th century 'service' was a major employer of women.
In the 19th century families were much larger than today. That was partly because infant mortality was high. People had many children and accepted that not all of them would survive.
In a 19th century family the Father was head of the family. He wife and children respected him and obeyed him (at least that was the theory!). Until 1879 a man could legally beat his wife and until 1882 all a woman's property, even the money she earned, belonged to her husband. Divorce was made legal in 1857 but it was very rare in the 19th century.
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1800 - 1869 (69 years)
